The pancreas produces pancreatic juice, rich in enzymes, which breaks down and then digests food.When the pancreatic ducts become blocked, the enzymes produced are delayed and begin to break down the organ itself, leading to inflammation and pancreatitis.Pancreatitis is a common disease in the modern world.A person who leads an unhealthy lifestyle is more susceptible to the disease than others: he smokes, abuses alcohol and eats junk food.The causes of the disease are varied:
- Alcohol consumption.
- Bad nutrition, overeating.
- Abdominal injuries.
- Infectious diseases of the digestive system.
- Gallstone disease.
- Parasites.
- Taking certain medications and allergic reactions.
- Complication after surgery (about 5%).
It is necessary to eliminate the factors influencing the development of the disease.In special cases, when pancreatitis is the result of an injury or another disease, such as gallstones, recovery is possible.
Basic nutrition for pancreatitis
Unfortunately, it is often impossible to cure it completely, but it is possible to stop the destruction of the pancreas and try to reduce relapses.Nutrition for pancreatitis of the pancreas is of great importance.The acute condition is alleviated with drugs;dietary nutrition remains the main one.
The basic principle of nutrition for pancreatitis is not to burden the pancreas.Try to reduce enzyme production.Food should be easily digestible without causing fermentation.Eat often, in small portions.A smaller dose means less burden on the diseased organ.During an exacerbation, frequent shared meals are excluded.The less often someone eats, the better.Meal breaks reach 12 hours.In case of pancreatitis, warm, soft foods are welcome.
It is important that a patient with pancreatitis studies in detail what categorically should not be eaten, what foods should be avoided during pancreatitis, and what foods should be eaten.
Authorized products
- Dried bread or crackers.
- Dietary meat: lean beef, rabbit, white part of chicken and turkey.
- Dairy products: milk, low-acid cottage cheese and yogurt.The fat content of the product must be monitored.Cottage cheese up to 2%, preferably low-fat.It is advisable to exclude fermented fried milk, sour cream and cream.
- Lean fish.Preferably cod.
- Cereals and any kind of pasta.
- Vegetables that do not cause severe gas formation.Carrots, potatoes, beets, pumpkins, zucchini.
- Fruits: only green apples, pears, bananas, avocados, persimmons.It is advisable to bake fruit.
- Weak teas, compotes from dried fruits or berries.
Prohibited products
- Alcohol.Even low-alcohol drinks should be completely excluded during the diet!
- Chocolate, sugar, desserts, cakes, pastries, baked goods and other products containing a lot of sugar.
- Pork and red fish.
- Spices, seasonings, salt, smoked meats.
- Fermented vegetables: white cabbage, radishes, onions, garlic, spinach, radishes.
- Fruits: grapes, red apples, citrus fruits, peaches, plums.
- Coffee, strong black or green tea, cocoa, carbonated drinks, packaged fruit juice.
- Cereals and porridge: millet, pearl barley, corn.
- Legumes, mushrooms, nuts.
Minor relaxations are allowed during the period of remission.For example, it is acceptable to drink weak coffee with milk.Use low-fat sour cream, olive or linseed oil for the dressing.
Soups that stimulate gastric secretion are not recommended for pancreatitis.However, apart from exacerbation, the consumption of soups with vegetable soup is allowed.A spoonful of honey for dessert doesn't hurt.
Despite the fact that there is a small selection of foods for the treatment of pancreatitis, a well-planned menu adds variety to the diet.
Type of pancreatitis and nutrition
Pancreatitis is classified according to the nature of the disease:
- Acute pancreatitis.
- Chronic pancreatitis.
Depending on the type, a suitable treatment and diet is prescribed, which is developed by the doctor.
Acute pancreatitis is treated in a hospital setting.This is a serious condition and can be fatal without immediate medical attention.In addition to surgical intervention, the following conditions must be met in case of acute pancreatitis:
- Bed rest.
- Depression of pancreatic function.
- Drug treatment.
- Starvation diet.
Starvation is indicated during exacerbation of pancreatitis.The fasting diet can last up to three days.A person needs to drink 1.5-2 liters of liquid - mineral water will do, gas must be released, weak black or green tea or rosehip infusion, only clean water.If the patient's condition is serious, the starvation is extended to seven days, and nutrients are administered intravenously.
The diet for acute pancreatitis should be gentle immediately after fasting.Oatmeal, slimy soups and cooked rice are allowed.During an exacerbation, the basic rule is to introduce food gradually.In the first days, the food is low-calorie, slimy, and does not irritate the gastrointestinal tract.Volume and calorie content increase as healing progresses.
After the acute phase, the disease becomes chronic.Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by low-grade inflammation and intermittent pain.Attacks are triggered by alcohol consumption and irritating foods.
In order to prevent frequent relapses and reduce pain, the diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas should be followed throughout life.The diet should contain protein of plant and animal origin.But the amount of fat is reduced to the limit.Be careful with carbohydrates.The diet for chronic pancreatitis is carefully developed so that despite the small list of permitted foods, the patient receives the necessary nutrients.Vitamins can also be prescribed.
Therapeutic diet for pancreatitis
How to eat properly during pancreatitis so as not to damage the pancreas?
Soviet doctors also developed a special therapeutic diet for patients with pancreatitis.It's called the Pevzner Diet No. 5.And although diet therapy has changed over the years, therapeutic nutrition for pancreatitis is still based on diet number 5.In case of aggravation, the 5p.No. Pevzner diet is prescribed.
The diet for chronic pancreatitis is quite varied.Diet No. 5 allows milk sausage and doctor's sausage.Although, taking into account modern reality, it is better to refuse sausage.If you like, make your own sausage.First, before diet food becomes a habit, it is better to prepare the weekly menu and buy the necessary products according to the list.Avoid unnecessary trips to the store in anticipation of the possibility of buying a prohibited product.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis
First day:
- Breakfast: Finely ground oatmeal, boil until viscous.Weak green tea.
- Snack: Yoghurt.
- Lunch: Mashed potatoes with steamed turkey slices, berry preserves.
- Snack: fried green apple.
- Dinner: Pumpkin porridge with semolina, weak black tea.
- Before going to bed: low-fat cottage cheese.
Second day:
- Breakfast: Steamed omelette or in the oven, rosehip infusion.
- Snack: Boiled carrots with a minimal amount of oil.
- Lunch: Vegetable puree soup.Biscuits.Add a spoonful of vegetable oil.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: Cheese sandwich, weak green tea.
- Dinner: Boiled cauliflower, steamed fish fillet.Top with 10% sour cream.
- Before going to bed: Yoghurt.
Third day:
- Breakfast: Rice porridge with milk, boiled rice, milk diluted with water.Weak black tea.
- Snack: Cottage cheese casserole, made with semolina.Add a spoonful of honey.
- Lunch: pasta made from lean beef and steamed meatballs.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: baked pear.
- Dinner: Buckwheat soup with milk.Green tea.
- Before going to bed: Yoghurt.
Fourth day:
- Breakfast: oatmeal, black tea.
- Snack: Boiled or fried beets.
- Lunch: Vegetable stew with steamed chicken fillet and rose hips.
- Snack: skinny buns, jelly.
- Dinner: Milk vermicelli soup.
- Before going to bed: Kefir.
Day five:
- Breakfast: Steamed omelet, black tea.It is convenient to cook an omelette in a bag.Pour the raw mixture into a grocery bag, tie tightly and place in boiling water.The omelette cooks much faster than steam, without losing its properties.
- Snack: Yoghurt.
- Lunch: Vegetable soup with meatballs (the meatballs are prepared separately), compote.
- Snack: Sandwich with butter and avocado, rosehips.
- Dinner: Buckwheat with steamed slices and jelly.
- Before going to bed: low-fat cottage cheese.
Sixth day:
- Breakfast: semolina porridge boiled in water, weak coffee with milk.
- Snack: green apple fruit jelly.
- Lunch: Pumpkin puree soup, you can add a little milk, canned food.
- Snack: Yoghurt.
- Dinner: rice with turkey or chicken fillet, rosehips.
- Before going to bed: Fruit jelly.
Seventh day:
- Breakfast: Buckwheat milk soup.The milk is preferably diluted.
- Snack: banana.
- Lunch: vermicelli, steamed rabbit cutlet, compote.
- Snack: cottage cheese casserole, a spoonful of honey.
- Dinner: Steamed vegetables, tea.
- Before going to bed: Yoghurt.
An approximate menu of chronic pancreatitis is described;it is possible to expand the list with authorized products.The most important thing is that you meet the conditions:
- It is advisable to eat food from the region where you live.Exotic fruits and vegetables are not good for you;they take it green to the shops.
- Compotes are made from dried fruits with the addition of berries: cranberries, cranberries, black currants.Fruit juice should not be drunk too often.Remember - the concentration of the drink is higher than compote and can irritate the mucous membrane.
- Products subjected to heat treatment must be boiled or steamed.Vegetables and fruits are consumed exclusively in cooked form.
- Products for the treatment of pancreatitis should be fresh and of good quality.A healthy person's body can cope with sour cottage cheese or week-old soup.Such a diet during pancreatitis causes the disease to worsen.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis after exacerbation
After the exacerbation, food should be introduced carefully, starting with a small amount of calories, gradually normalizing.The first week the food is bad.You should monitor your condition after eating;if it gets worse, definitely consult a doctor.
The first day after fasting:
- Dried bread and jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
Second day:
- Slimy rice soup.
- Dried bread or crackers.
- Weak black tea, rosehip infusion, jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
Third day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal, thin, slimy consistency, boiled in water.
- Lunch: Liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: French toast.Weak black tea or rosehip tea.
Fourth day:
- Breakfast: semolina on water.
- Lunch: Liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: biscuits.With a kiss.
Day five:
- Breakfast: Buckwheat milk soup.
- Lunch: Vegetable puree of potatoes and carrots.
- Dinner: biscuits.Compote.
Sixth day:
- Breakfast: protein omelet.
- Lunch: glutinous rice soup.
- Dinner: Vegetable puree from pumpkin and zucchini.Black tea.
Seventh day:
- Breakfast: oatmeal cooked with diluted milk.
- Lunch: Roasted vegetables, steamed turkey meatloaf.
- Dinner: low-fat cottage cheese.Green tea.
- Before going to bed: Oatmeal jelly.
- Gradually, in 10-14 days, you will return to the basic diet.
Consequences of not following the diet
If a person ignores his condition and does not follow proper nutrition during pancreatitis, such behavior is fraught with constant aggravations.Chronic recurrent pancreatitis is a dangerous condition of the pancreas.The constantly developing disease increases the area of cell damage, leads to complete atrophy of the organ and the development of simultaneous diseases - inflammation of the gallbladder, peptic ulcer, threatening diabetes and pancreatic cancer.
The diet of patients with pancreatitis is the basis of a long, quality life.